Ethical Issues

This journal adheres to the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines regarding potential misconduct.

Authors must avoid distorting research findings, which could undermine trust in the journal, the professionalism of scientific authorship, and the broader scientific enterprise. Ensuring integrity in research and its presentation involves adhering to principles of good scientific practice, including:

Manuscripts should not be simultaneously submitted to multiple journals.

Submitted work must be original and not previously published, unless it expands on prior work.

Studies should not be fragmented to increase submission quantity.

Secondary publication is acceptable under certain conditions, like translations or for different audiences.

Results should be presented clearly, honestly, and without manipulation or fabrication.

Proper citation and acknowledgment of others\' work is essential to avoid plagiarism.

Authors must have permissions for software, surveys, and scales used in their studies.

Articles must cite relevant literature to support claims, with excessive self-citation discouraged.

Authors should avoid making false statements or personal attacks.

Research with potential threats to public health or security must be clearly identified.

Authorship details should be accurate, and changes after submission are generally not permitted.

Respect for third-party rights, including copyright and moral rights, is imperative.

Upon request, authors should provide relevant documentation to verify results. Suspected misconduct will be investigated following COPE guidelines, potentially resulting in rejection, correction, expression of concern, or retraction of published articles. Authors are obliged to correct significant errors discovered post-publication. Authors can suggest or exclude reviewers, ensuring independence and diversity in the peer review process.